Abstract The study aimed at investigating the anatomic and DNA content characteristics of 12 Anthurium genotypes. A large genomic amplitude was observed in the genotypes, ranging from 4.95 to 22.74 pg of DNA. Differences in DNA content, assessed by flow cytometry, allowed the differentiation between the genotypes A. andraeanum, A. affine, A. bomplandii, and A. gracile and the hybrid (A. lindmanianum × A. guianesis) and clustered the group A. raimundii, plowmanii and jemanii of IFT 258, in all analyses. Anatomical studies clustered the genotypes A. andraeanum (Astral and Rubi) and distinguished the hybrid and A. bomplandii from the other genotypes, with anatomical features specific to each genotypes. Cluster analysis allowed grouping of the genotypes A. raimundii and A. affine, bomplandii and gracile, A. jemanii and plowmanii, and the cultivars Astral and Rubi, and isolated the hybrid. Demonstrated the importance of grouping in the diagnosis of species belonging to the genus Anthurium.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da substituição total de soja integral crua (SC) por soja integral tostada (ST) sobre o desempenho produtivo de vacas Holandês. Foram realizados dois experimentos com delineamento experimental de reversão simples nos quais a SC foi totalmente substituída por ST. No experimento 1, foram utilizadas 22 vacas (175±60DEL) e o nível de inclusão dietética de SC ou ST foi de 3,7% na matéria seca (MS). No experimento 2, foram utilizadas 16 vacas (130±50 DEL) e o nível de inclusão dietético de SC ou ST foi de 11% na MS. Em ambos os experimentos, ST aumentou a produção de leite em 1,1kgd-1, sem alterar as produções de gordura e proteína. O consumo de MS e nitrogênio uréico no leite não foram afetados pela fonte de soja dietética. No experimento 2, a concentração de glicose plasmática foi reduzida e a relação alantoína/creatinina na urina tendeu a ser reduzida por ST. O experimento 2 também avaliou digestibilidade de nutrientes e cinética de degradação ruminal da proteína bruta das duas fontes de soja. Não houve efeito da tostagem nas digestibilidades da MS, matéria orgânica e FDN. A ST apresentou maior fração B e menor taxa de degradação da proteína do que a SC, mostrando que o tratamento térmico foi efetivo em aumentar o fluxo de aminoácidosnão degradáveis no rúmen para o animal, sugerindo um potencial mecanismo de ação para a melhora no desempenho observada com ST.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of total replacement of raw whole soybean (RAW) for roastedwhole soybean (ROS) on the production performance of Holstein cows. Two experiments were carried out usinga simple reversal design where RAW has been completely replaced by ROS. In experiment 1, 22 cows (175±60 days in milk)were used, and the dietary inclusion level of RAW or ROS was 3.7% of dry matter (DM). In experiment 2, 16 cows (130±50 days in milk)were used, and thedietary inclusion level of RAW or ROS was 11% of DM. In both experiments, ROS increased milk production by 1.1kgday-1 without changing fat and protein production. Dry matter intake or milk urea nitrogenwere not affected by dietary soy source. In experiment 2, plasma glucose concentration was decreased, and allantoin/creatinine ratio in urine tended to decreasein ROS. Experiment 2 also evaluated the nutrient digestibility and ruminal degradation kinetics of crude protein in two soybean sources. Roasting had no effect on the digestibility of DM, organic matter, and neutral detergent fiber. Roasted whole soybean hadgreater fraction B and lower protein degradation rate than did RAW; this showed that heat treatment was effective in increasing therumen undegradable amino acid flowto the animal, which suggesteda potential mechanism of action for improved performance observed in ROS.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to examine the effects of suckling schemes (continued, controlled, and total separation) and the type of pregnancy on performance and serum cortisol concentration in lambs. A total of 29 Santa Inês ewes and 40 lambs were used, and the randomized block design was applied in a split-plot scheme with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement in the plot and time in the subplot. For controlled suckling, the diet was supplied twice daily during one hour, starting on their 10th day of life. Total and average daily intakes of concentrate dry matter of lambs that underwent total separation was higher than those of lambs under continued suckling. Lambs subjected to total separation demonstrated higher concentrate dry matter intake/weight gain ratio, lower total weight gain, lower average daily weight gain, and lower weaning weight than those subjected to continued and controlled suckling. Lambs from single pregnancy demonstrated higher weight gain and obtained higher weight at weaning. Lambs subjected to total separation have a developmental delay. However, the lower performance of lambs subject to total separation cannot be attributed to stress because there is a decrease in the serum cortisol concentration over time.